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ABSTRACT Objective: This study analyzed the impact of sex on self-reported health and lifestyle parameters in peripheral artery disease patients at two periods of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: In this longitudinal study, 99 patients with peripheral artery disease (53 men and 46 women) were evaluated during two periods of the COVID-19 pandemic ( i.e ., at onset: May to August 2020, and on follow-up: May to August 2021). Patients were interviewed via telephone, and information regarding lifestyle and health parameters was obtained. Results: At the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, health and habit parameters were similar between women and men, with 63.0% and 45.3% indicating frequent fatigue, 73.9% and 84.9% reporting increased sitting time, and 23.9% and 39.6% practicing physical activity, respectively. At follow-up, difficulties in physical mobility (women: from 26.1% to 73.9%, p<0.001; men: from 39.6% to 71.7%, p=0.001) and the frequency of hospitalization for reasons other than COVID-19 increased similarly in women and men (women: from 4.3% to 21.7%, p=0.013; men: from 9.4% to 24.5%, p=0.038). The other parameters were similar between the periods. Conclusion: Self-reported physical mobility difficulties and hospitalization frequency increased in women and men with peripheral artery disease.
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Objective: To analyze the longitudinal association between mental health and sleep quality in peripheral artery disease (PAD) patients in two periods of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: In this longitudinal study, 99 PAD patients were evaluated in two years of COVID-19 pandemic (2020 and 2021). Patients were interviewed by telephone call, and information regarding mental health (anxiety, unhappiness, stress and depression) and sleep quality (sleep change, difficulty to sleep and sleep improvement) were obtained. Patients were divided into: no symptoms (patients that reported no mental health symptoms, n=31, 68.2±9.4 y.o.) and one or more symptoms (patients with at least one mental health symptom, n=68, 68.1±9.4 y.o.). Results: In 2020, mental health symptoms were associated with sleep change (OR=5.018; p=0.020), difficulty to sleep (OR=12.250; p=0.003) and sleep improvement (OR=0.104; p=0.003). In 2021, mental health was associated only with sleep change (OR=3.522; p=0.035). Conclusion: The impact of mental health symptoms on sleep quality of PAD patients was attenuated along the coronavirus pandemic.
Objetivo: Analisar a associação longitudinal entre saúde mental e qualidade do sono em pacientes com doença arterial periférica (DAP) em dois períodos da pandemia de COVID-19. Métodos: Neste estudo longitudinal, 99 pacientes com DAP foram avaliados em dois anos de pandemia de COVID-19 (2020 e 2021). Os pacientes foram entrevistados por telefone, obtendo-se informações sobre saúde mental (ansiedade, infelicidade, estresse e depressão) e qualidade do sono (alteração do sono, dificuldade para dormir e melhora do sono). Os pacientes foram divididos em: sem sintomas (pacientes que não relataram sintomas de saúde mental, n=31, 68,2±9,4 anos) e um ou mais sintomas (com pelo menos um sintoma de saúde mental, n=68, 68,1±9,4 anos). Resultados: Em 2020, os sintomas de saúde mental foram associados à alteração do sono (OR=5,018; p=0,020), dificuldade para dormir (OR=12,250; p=0,003) e melhora do sono (OR=0,104; p=0,003). Em 2021, a saúde mental esteve associada apenas à alteração do sono (OR=3,522; p=0,035). Conclusão: O impacto dos sintomas de saúde mental na qualidade do sono de pacientes com DAP foi atenuado durante a pandemia de coronavírus.
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ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Meta-analyses have demonstrated that isometric handgrip training (IHT) decreases blood pressure in hypertensive individuals. Nonetheless, most studies were conducted in laboratory settings and its effects in real-world settings remain unclear. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the effects of IHT on office and ambulatory blood pressure in hypertensive patients attended within primary healthcare. DESIGN AND SETTING: Randomized controlled trial conducted in primary healthcare units within the Family Health Program, Petrolina, Pernambuco, Brazil. METHODS: 63 hypertensive patients (30-79 years old; 70% female) were randomly allocated into IHT or control groups. IHT was performed three times per week (4 x 2 minutes at 30% of maximal voluntary contraction, one-minute rest between bouts, alternating the hands). Before and after the 12-week training period, office and ambulatory blood pressure and heart rate variability were obtained. The significance level was set at P < 0.05 (two-tailed testing) for all analyses. RESULTS: IHT significantly decreased office systolic blood pressure (IHT: 129 ± 4 versus 121 ± 3 mmHg, P < 0.05; control: 126 ± 4 versus 126 ± 3 mmHg, P > 0.05), whereas there was no effect on diastolic blood pressure (IHT: 83 ± 3 versus 79 ± 2 mmHg, P > 0.05; control: 81 ± 3 versus 77 ± 3 mmHg, P > 0.05). Heart rate variability and ambulatory blood pressure were not altered by the interventions (P > 0.05 for all). CONCLUSION: IHT reduced office systolic blood pressure in hypertensive patients attended within primary care. However, there were effects regarding diastolic blood pressure, ambulatory blood pressure or heart rate variability. CLINICALTRIALS.GOV IDENTIFIER: NCT03216317.